The accord, rooted in the June 14 Islamabad Understanding, seeks to de-escalate long-standing tensions through a 14-point diplomatic roadmap. By focusing on nuclear and economic cooperation, the deal marks a notable pivot in American policy, which had previously prioritized the restriction of Iran's ballistic capabilities. Beijing is now urging all signatories to honor the new Memorandums of Understanding to prevent any future backsliding.
Despite the diplomatic momentum, President Masoud Pezeshkian has drawn a firm line regarding the scope of these negotiations. He stated that the missile program remains entirely outside the purview of the current agreement, serving as a non-negotiable pillar of Iran's national security. This distinction underscores the limits of the current framework, even as China encourages Tehran to pursue deeper integration and improved relations with its Gulf neighbors.





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