The shrine honors millions of Japanese war dead, yet its inclusion of convicted war criminals among the enshrined makes every high-level visit a flashpoint. While Japanese officials frame these appearances as a solemn tribute to those who sacrificed their lives for the nation, neighboring countries view them as an attempt to sanitize a brutal history of imperial aggression.
China and South Korea maintain that such gestures undermine regional diplomatic stability and ignore the trauma inflicted during the mid-20th century. For Tokyo, the ritual serves as a domestic touchstone, but the recurring controversy underscores the persistent difficulty of reconciling national commemorative traditions with the historical sensitivities of East Asia.





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