The OECD report highlights that the policy generated between €79 billion and €109 billion during 2024. While these figures fell short of some earlier, more aggressive projections, they provide the first concrete evidence that top-up taxes can effectively capture revenue without stifling domestic business activity.
Crucially, this analysis excludes U.S.-based multinationals to account for the unique framework of existing American tax law. By allowing countries to impose top-up levies, the reform forces companies to pay a baseline rate regardless of where they shift their profits, fundamentally altering the landscape for international corporate tax competition.





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