Behind closed doors, the atmosphere shifted toward a performative display of cohesion. Despite the public friction, Trump joined leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron and Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte in reaffirming collective defense commitments. The final declarations aimed to project strength, masking the underlying unease caused by the president's erratic approach to diplomatic norms.
The facade of unity struggled to contain the fallout from Trump's rhetoric regarding Iran and his specific pressure on Spain. Madrid issued a firm rebuttal, signaling its refusal to be coerced into inflating military spending under threat. While the summit concluded with official pledges intact, the lingering uncertainty surrounding American intentions leaves European capitals questioning the durability of their most critical security partnership.



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